Digital Transformation of Agricultural Extension in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis

Digital Transformation of Agricultural Extension in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2023.150410

How to Cite

Digital Transformation of Agricultural Extension in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Analysis. (2023). AGRIS on-Line Papers in Economics and Informatics, 15(4), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2023.150410

Abstract

Digital transformation in the field of agricultural extension is quite essential for agriculture in the future. The problem is that not all extension workers understand the use of cyber extension. The research objective is to explore the relationship between individual motivation (IM), social capital (SC), digital extension adoption (CEA), knowledge sharing (KS), and agricultural extension performance (EP) in Indonesia. The research method used was explanatory, with purposive location selection and a population focused on agricultural extension workers. Sampling was carried out using quota techniques. Data analysis in this study used Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). More specifically, IM and SC act as construct variables, while CEA and KS not only act as construct variables but also as mediators. Agricultural Extension (EP) performance is measured as a latent variable. The research results reveal that all construct variables, namely IM, SC, CEA, and KS, positively and significantly influence the EP. These findings demonstrate the importance of these factors in supporting digital transformation in agricultural extension in Indonesia and can provide valuable guidance for decision-makers and practitioners in efforts to increase the effectiveness of agricultural extension using digital technology.

References

Agussabti, A., Rahmaddiansyah, R., Hamid, A. H., Zakaria, Z., Munawar, A. A. and Abu Bakar, B. (2022) "Farmers’ perspectives on the adoption of smart farming technology to support food farming in Aceh Province, Indonesia", Open Agriculture, Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 857-870. E-ISSN 2391-9531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0145

Ayisi Nyarko, D. and Kozári, J. (2021) "Information and communication technologies (ICTs) usage among agricultural extension officers and its impact on extension delivery in Ghana", Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 164-172. ISSN 1658-077X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2021.01.002

Bermejo-Caja, C. J., Koatz, D., Orrego, C., Perestelo-Pérez, L., González-González, A. I., Ballester, M., Pacheco-Huergo, V., Rey-Granado, Y. del, Muñoz-Balsa, M., Ramírez-Puerta, A. B., Yolanda Canellas-Criado, Pérez-Rivas, F. J., Toledo-Chávarri, A., Martínez-Marcos, M. and Group, E.-M. (2019) "Acceptability and feasibility of a virtual community of practice to primary care professionals regarding patient empowerment: a qualitative pilot study", BMC Health Services Research, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 1-10. ISSN 1472-6963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4185-z

Caffaro, F., Cremasco, M. M., Roccato, M. and Cavallo, E. (2020) "Drivers of farmers’ intention to adopt technological innovations in Italy: The role of information sources, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use", Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 76, pp. 264-271. ISSN 0743-0167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.04.028

Chandra-Mouli, V. and Akwara, E. (2020) "Improving access to and use of contraception by adolescents: what progress has been made, what lessons have been learnt, and what are the implications for action?", Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Vol. 66, pp. 107-118. ISSN 1521-6934. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.04.003

Cimini, C., Boffelli, A., Lagorio, A., Kalchschmidt, M. and Pinto, R. (2020) "How do industry 4.0 technologies influence organisational change? An empirical analysis of Italian SMEs", Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 695-721. ISSN 1741-038X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-04-2019-0135

Colussi, J., Morgan, E. L., Schnitkey, G. D. and Padula, A. D. (2022) "How Communication Affects the Adoption of Digital Technologies in Soybean Production: A Survey in Brazil", Agriculture, Vol. 12, No. 5, 611 p. ISSN 2077-0472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050611

Dharmawan, L., Muljono, P., Hapsari, D. R. and Purwanto, B. P. (2021) "Digital information development in agriculture extension in facing new normal era during COVID-19 pandemics", Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, Vol. 47, No. 12. ISSN 1674-2974.

Ertiaei, F., Rezvanfar, A., Hejazi, S. Y. and Alambaigi, A. (2022) "Developing an organizational health model for the agricultural extension structure of Iran", The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, Vol. 28, No. 1, p. 21-44. E-ISSN 1750-8622, ISSN 1389-224X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224x.2021.1888758

Fabregas, R., Kremer, M. and Schilbach, F. (2019) "Realizing the potential of digital development: The case of agricultural advice", Science, Vol. 366, No. 6471, p. eaay3038. E-ISSN 1095-9203. ISSN 0036-8075. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay3038

Freeman, K. and Qin, H. (2020) "The Role of Information and Interaction Processes in the Adoption of Agriculture Inputs in Uganda", Agronomy, Vol. 10, No. 2, 202 p. E- ISSN 2073-4395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020202

Joshi, D. and Dhaliwal, R. K. (2019) "Utilization of social media by farming community: A case from Punjab state", Indian Journal of Extension Education, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 47-52. E-ISSN 2454- 552X, ISSN 0537-1996.

Kulikova, A. (2021) "Cyber norms: technical extensions and technological challenges", Journal of Cyber Policy, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 340-359. ISSN 2373-8871. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23738871.2021.2020316

Listiana, I., Efendi, I., Rahmat, A. and others. (2019) "The behavior of extension agents in utilizing information and technology to improve the performance of extension agents in Lampung Province", Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1155, No. 1, p. 12004. E-ISSN 1742-6596, ISSN 1742-6588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1155/1/012004

Listiana, I., Hudoyo, A., Prayitno, R. T., Mutolib, A., Yanfika, H. and Rahmat, A. (2020) "Adoption Level of Environmentally Friendly Paddy Cultivated Innovation in Pringsewu District, Lampung Province, Indonesia", Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1467, No. 1, p. 012025. E-ISSN 1742-6596, ISSN 1742-6588. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1467/1/012025

Madonna, M., Amanah, S., Sumardjo, S. and Anwas, E. O. M. (2022) "Mobilization of Cyber Extension Participants to Build Household Food Security", Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, Vol. 8, Special Issue, pp. 67-75. E-ISSN 2407-795X, ISSN 2460-2582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8iSpecialIssue.2479

Mapiye, O., Makombe, G., Molotsi, A., Dzama, K. and Mapiye, C. (2021) "Towards a revolutionized agricultural extension system for the sustainability of smallholder livestock production in developing countries: The potential role of icts", Sustainability, Vol. 13, No. 11, p. 5868. ISSN 2071-1050. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115868

Maulu, S., Hasimuna, O. J., Mutale, B., Mphande, J. and Siankwilimba, E. (2021) "Enhancing the role of rural agricultural extension programs in poverty alleviation: A review", Cogent Food & Agriculture, Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 1886663. ISSN 2331-1932. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2021.1886663

Nayal, K., Raut, R., Priyadarshinee, P., Narkhede, B. E., Kazancoglu, Y. and Narwane, V. (2022) "Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in managing agricultural supply chain risk to counter the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic", The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 33, No. 3, p. 744-772. ISSN 0957-4093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-12-2020-0493

Norton, G. W. and Alwang, J. (2020) "Changes in Agricultural Extension and Implications for Farmer Adoption of New Practices", Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Vol. 42, No. 1, p. 8-20. ISSN 1058-7195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13008

Ortiz-Crespo, B., Steinke, J., Quirós, C. F., van de Gevel, J., Daudi, H., Gaspar Mgimiloko, M. and van Etten, J. (2021) "User-centred design of a digital advisory service: enhancing public agricultural extension for sustainable intensification in Tanzania", International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, Vol. 19, No. 5-6, pp. 566-582. E-ISSN 1747-762X, ISSN 1473-5903. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2020.1720474

Pratiwi, A. and Suzuki, A. (2017) "Effects of farmers’ social networks on knowledge acquisition: Lessons from agricultural training in rural Indonesia", Journal of Economic Structures, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 1-23. ISSN 2193-2409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40008-017-0069-8

Purwanto, A. and Sudargini, Y. (2021) "Partial least squares structural squation modeling (PLS- SEM) analysis for social and management research: a literature review", Journal of Industrial Engineering & Management Research, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 114-123. ISSN 2722-8878.

Ramayah, T. and Lo, M.- C. (2007) "Impact of shared beliefs on ´perceived usefulness´ and ´ease of use´ in the implementation of an enterprise resource planning system", Management Research News, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 420-431. ISSN 0140-9174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01409170710751917

Roque, A. D., Pijawka, D. and Wutich, A. (2020) "The Role of Social Capital in Resiliency: Disaster Recovery in Puerto Rico. Risk", Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, Vol. 11, No. 2, p. 204-235. ISSN 1944-4079. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/rhc3.12187

Saadé, R. and Bahli, B. (2005) "The impact of cognitive absorption on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in online learning: an extension of the technology acceptance model", Information & Management, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 317-327. ISSN 0378-7206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2003.12.013

Sabir, S., Sugiyanto, S., Sukesi, K. and Yuliati, Y. (2019) "The strategy for implementing agricultural extension based on cyber extension in Malang Raya Region", Indonesia. Habitat, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 8-15. ISSN 2338-2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2019.030.1.2

Steinke, J., van Etten, J., Mü ller, A., Ortiz-Crespo, B., van de Gevel, J., Silvestri, S. and Priebe, J. (2021) "Tapping the full potential of the digital revolution for agricultural extension: an emerging innovation agenda", International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, Vol. 19, No. 5-6, pp. 549-565. E-ISSN 1747-762X, ISSN 1473-5903. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2020.1738754

Takahashi, K., Muraoka, R. and Otsuka, K. (2020) "Technology adoption, impact, and extension in developing countries’ agriculture: A review of the recent literature", Agricultural Economics, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 31-45. ISSN 1477-9552. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12539

Tanveer, A., Zeng, S., Irfan, M. and Peng, R. (2021) "Do Perceived Risk, Perception of Self-Efficacy, and Openness to Technology Matter for Solar PV Adoption? An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior", Energies, Vol. 14, No. 16, p. 5008. ISSN 1996-1073. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14165008

Utami, C. W., Indrianto, A. T. L. and Pratama, I. (2019) "Agricultural Technology Adoption in Indonesia: The Role of the Agriculture Extension Service, the Rural Financing and the Institutional Context of the Lender", International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, Vol. 7, No. 7, pp. 258-276. E-ISSN 2201-1323.

Wang, W., Kang, S.-W. and Choi, S. B. (2021) "Effects of Employee Well-Being and Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Coaching Leadership and Knowledge Sharing Intention: A Study of UK and US Employees", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 18, No. 20, p. 10638. E-ISSN 1660-4601. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010638

Wijaya, A. S., Sarwoprasodjo, S. and Febrina, D. (2019) "Cyber Extension: Penggunaan Media dan Kelancaran Pencarian Informasi di Kalangan Penyuluh Pertanian Kabupaten Bogor", Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 114-123. E-ISSN 2442-4102, ISSN 1693-3699. (In Indonesian) DOI: https://doi.org/10.46937/1720192684