Digital Marketing Strategy Development for Recovery Ecotourism Visit After COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Study on BJBR and Kampung Blekok Mangrove Ecotourism, Indonesia

Digital Marketing Strategy Development for Recovery Ecotourism Visit After COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Study on BJBR and Kampung Blekok Mangrove Ecotourism, Indonesia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2024.160401

How to Cite

Digital Marketing Strategy Development for Recovery Ecotourism Visit After COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Study on BJBR and Kampung Blekok Mangrove Ecotourism, Indonesia. (2024). AGRIS on-Line Papers in Economics and Informatics, 16(4), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2024.160401

Abstract

Ecotourism is a form of tourism that can help overcome the problem of low welfare of local communities. The digital cultural transformation that occurred in the era of revolution 4.0, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, was able to change the entire cycle of the tourism ecosystem. Besides, several ecotourism experiences have experienced a significant decline in tourist visits, including Bee Jay Bakau Resort and Kampung Blekok ecotourism. This research aims to develop a digital marketing strategy for ecotourism at Bee Jay Bakau Resort and Kampung Blekok to restore visitation levels after the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative approach with SWOT analysis and is quantitatively calculated using the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Data were collected through interviews with ecotourism managers including marketing employees, and HRD managers; visitors, local communities, Tourism Awareness Groups, and the Environmental Service (DLH). Also, direct observation of the ecotourism conditions studied, documentation, and literature studies. The research results show that the strengths and opportunities of BJBR and Kampung Blekok are greater than the weaknesses and threats, so the strategy formulated is aggressive (growth-oriented strategy). The strategic priority lies in optimizing the use of information technology and social media as promotional media, especially the frequency of promotions. The strategy used is none other than to increase the value of ecotourism as a form of growth so that it can compete with other ecotourism in returning the level of tourist visits after the COVID-19 pandemic.

References

Ahmed, E., Yaqoob, I., Hashem, I. A. T., Khan, S. F., Ahmed, A., Imran, M. and Vasilakos, A. V. (2017) "The role of big data analytics in Internet of Things", Computer Networks, Vol. 129, pp. 459-471. ISSN 1389/1286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2017.06.013

Armutcu, B., Tan, A. Amponsah, M., Parida, S. and Ramkissoon, H. (2023) "Tourist behaviour: The role of digital marketing and social media", Acta Psychologica, Vol. 240(June). E-ISSN 1873-6297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104025

Bonye, S. Z., Yiridomoh, G. Y. and Dayour, F. (2021) "Do ecotourism sites enhance rural development in Ghana? Evidence from the Wechiau Community Hippo Sanctuary Project in the Upper West Region, Wa, Ghana", Journal of Ecotourism, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 121-146. E-ISSN 1747-7638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2021.1922423

Bruce, E., Shurong, Z., Ying, D., Yaqi, M., Amoah, J. and Egala, S. B. (2023) "The Effect of Digital Marketing Adoption on SMEs Sustainable Growth: Empirical Evidence from Ghana", Sustainability, Vol. 15, No. 6, p. 4760. ISSN 2071-1050. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064760

Bui, T. D., Tsai, F. M., Tseng, M. L. and Ali, M. H. (2020) "Identifying sustainable solid waste management barriers in practice using the fuzzy Delphi method", Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 154, p. 104625. E-ISSN 1879-0658. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104625

Dassucik, D., Rasyidi, A. H., Iqbal, M. A. and Agus, R. P. (2023) "Pengaruh atribut produk wisata dan word of mouth terhadap keputusan berkunjung pada objek wisata Kampung Blekok Desa Klatakan Situbondo", Jurnal IKA PGSD (Ikatan Alumni PGSD) UNARS, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 241–256. E-ISSN 2656-4459. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36841/pgsdunars.v13i1.3143

de Amorim, L. A., Sousa, B. B., Dias, A. L. and Santos, V. R. (2022) "Exploring the outcomes of digital marketing on historic sites´ visitor behaviour", Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 934-949. E-ISSN 2044-1274, ISSN 2044-1266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2021-0202

Del P. Pablo-Romero, M. and Molina, J. A. (2013) "Tourism and economic growth: A review of empirical literature", Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol. 8, pp. 28-41. ISSN 2211-9736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TMP.2013.05.006

Dimitrios, B., Ioannis, R., Angelos, N. and Nikolaos, T. (2023) "Digital Marketing: The Case of Digital Marketing Strategies on Luxurious Hotels", Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 219, pp. 688-696. ISSN 1877-0509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.01.340

Eddyono, F., Darusman, D., Sumarwan, U. and Sunarminto, F. (2021) "Optimization model: the innovation and future of e-ecotourism for sustainability", Journal of Tourism Futures, pp. 1-18. ISSN 2055-5911. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-03-2021-0067

Fattah, M., Utami, T. N. and Sofiati, D. (2020) "Tourist Visits Forecasting and Carrying Capacity of Bee Jay Bakau Resort Probolinggo", Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 153-163. E-ISSN 2502-6267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jakk.2020.17.2.151-161

Fu, Y. and Timothy, D. J. (2021) "Social media constraints and destination images: The potential of barrier-free internet access for foreign tourists in an internet-restricted destination", Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol. 37, pp. 100771. ISSN 2211-9736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100771

Ghorbani, A., Raufirad, H. and Jafarian, M. (2015) "Ecotourism sustainable development strategies using SWOT and QSPM model: A case study of Kaji Namakzar Wetland, South Khorasan Province, Iran", Tourism Management Perspectives, 16, pp. 290-297. ISSN 2211-9736. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.09.005

Islam, Md. T. (2021) "Applications of Social Media in the Tourism Industry: A Review", SEISENSE Journal of Management, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 59-68. ISSN 2617-5770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v4i1.556

Joshi, O., Parajuli, R., Kharel, G., Poudyal, N. C. and Taylor, E. (2018) "Stakeholder opinions on scientific forest management policy implementation in Nepal", PLOS ONE, Vol. 13, No. 9, p. e0203106. ISSN 1932-6203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203106

Khan, M. M., Siddique, M., Yasir, M., Qureshi, M. I., Khan, N. and Safdar, M. Z. (2022) "The Significance of Digital Marketing in Shaping Ecotourism Behaviour through Destination Image", Sustainability, Vol. 14, No. 12, p. 7395. E-ISSN 2071-1050. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127395

Khomsah, N. R., Carolina, A. and Abrori, R. (2022) "Faktor Internal Organisasi Dan Pencegahan Fraud Pada Pengelolaan Wisata Mangrove Di Madura", Ultimaccounting Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 295-311. ISSN 2541-5476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31937/akuntansi.v14i2.2867

Kim, M. and Kim, J. (2020) "Destination Authenticity as a Trigger of Tourists" Online Engagement on Social Media", Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 59, No. 7, pp. 1238–1252. E-ISSN 1552-6763. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519878510

Lam, J. M. S., Ismail, H. and Lee, S. (2020) "From desktop to destination: User-generated content platforms, co-created online experiences, destination image and satisfaction", Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, Vol.18, p. 100490. E-ISSN 2212-5752. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100490

Lee, T. H. and Jan, F. H. (2019) "Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development? Evidence from residents´ perceptions of the sustainability", Tourism Management, 70, pp. 368-380. ISSN 0261-5177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.003

Li, J., Wang, G., Wang, Z., Wang, W., Chen, H. and He, M. (2021) "Comparative study of the physiological and psychological effects of forest and urban auditory stimulus on humans", International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 363-373. E-ISSN 2577-445X, ISSN 2577-4441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2021.09.001

Magano, J. and Cunha, M. N. (2020) "Digital marketing impact on tourism in Portugal: A quantitative study", African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1-19. ISSN. 2223814X. {Online]. Available: https://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/article_75_vol_9_1__2020_portugal.pdf [Accessed: Sept. 20, 2024].

Mallick, S. K., Rudra, S. and Samanta, R. (2020) "Sustainable ecotourism development using SWOT and QSPM approach: A study on Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu", International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 185-193. E-ISSN 2577-445X, ISSN 2577-4441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2020.06.001

Mele, E., Filieri, R. and De Carlo, M. (2023) "Pictures of a crisis. Destination marketing organizations´ Instagram communication before and during a global health crisis", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 163, p. 113931. ISSN 0148-2963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113931

Mkwizu, K. H. (2019) "Digital marketing and tourism: opportunities for Africa", International Hospitality Review, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 5-12. E-ISSN 2516-8142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/ihr-09-2019-0015

Müller, F., Bicking, S., Ahrendt, K., Bac, D. K., Blindow, I., Fürst, C., Haase, P., Kruse, M., Kruse, T., Ma, L., Perennes, M., Ruljevic, I., Schernewski, G., Schimming, C.-G., Schneiders, A., Schubert, H., Schumacher, J., Tappeiner, U., Wangai, P., Windhorst, W. and Zeleny, J. (2020) "Assessing ecosystem service potentials to evaluate terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystem types in Northern Germany: An expert-based matrix approach", Ecological Indicators, Vol. 112, p. 106116. ISSN 1470-160X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106116

Nickerson, N. P., Jorgenson, J. and Boley, B. B. (2016) "Are sustainable tourists a higher spending market?", Tourism Management, Vol. 54, pp. 170-177. ISSN 0261-5177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.11.009

Paliogiannis, C., Koedam, N. and Cliquet, A. (2019) "The impact of the economic crisis on the implementation of the EU Nature Directives in Greece: An expert-based view", Journal for Nature Conservation, Vol. 48, pp. 36-46. ISSN 1617-1381. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2018.12.003

Papapostolou, A., Karakosta, C., Apostolidis, G. and Doukas, H. (2020) "An AHP-SWOT-Fuzzy TOPSIS approach for achieving a cross-border RES cooperation", Sustainability, Vol. 12, No. 7, p. 2886. ISSN 2071-1050. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072886

Racherla, P. and Friske, W. (2012) "Perceived 'usefulness' of online consumer reviews: An exploratory investigation across three services categories", Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 548-559. E-ISSN 1873-7846, ISSN 1567-4223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.06.003

Reichstein, C. and Härting, R.C. (2018) "Potentials of changing customer needs in a digital world - A conceptual model and recommendations for action in tourism", Procedia Computer Science, Vol. 126, pp. 1484-1494. E-ISSN 1877-0509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.120

Sahani, N. (2021) "Application of hybrid SWOT-AHP-FuzzyAHP model for formulation and prioritization of ecotourism strategies in Western Himalaya, India", International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 349–-62. E-ISSN 2577-445X, ISSN 2577-4441. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2021.08.001

Salim, M. A. and Siswanto, A. B. (2019) "Analisis SWOT Dengan Metode Kuesioner - Google Books", Pilar Nusantara, (November 2019), pp. 1-81. ISBN 9786237590101.

Stylidis, D. (2022) "Exploring Resident–Tourist Interaction and its Impact on Tourists´ Destination Image", Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 61, No.1, pp. 186-201. E-ISSN 1552-6763, ISSN 0047-2875. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520969861

Sujono, S., Juliati, R., Pramuja, R. A. and Nurul, M. (2023) "Assessing the impact of digital marketing optimization on the self-sustainability of agrotourism in Sumbergedang Village", Journal of Enterprise and Development,Vol. 5, No. 2. E-ISSN 2685-8258, ISSN 2715-3118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20414/jed.v5iSpecial-Issue-2.8210

Sutjiatmi, S. and Edy, S. (2018) "Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Pandansari Brebes", Jurnal Egaliter, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 1-13.

Toral, S. L., Martínez-Torres, M. R. and Gonzalez-Rodriguez, M. R. (2018) "Identification of the Unique Attributes of Tourist Destinations from Online Reviews", Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 57, No. 7, pp. 908-919. E-ISSN 1552-6763, ISSN 0047-2875. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517724918

Utami, T. N., Fattah, M. and Intyas, C.A. (2022) "The System Dynamic of Mangrove Ecotourism of 'Kampung Blekok' Situbondo East Java Indonesia: Economic and Ecological Dimension", Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 58-72. ISSN 2029-2139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.2.30322

Yuniarta, G. A., Purnamawati, I. G. A. and Suwena, K. R. (2023) "The Effect of Using Digital Marketing Platforms, Optimizing Potential Assets on the Inclusive and Sustainable Economy Improvement", International Journal of Organizational Behavior and Policy, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 3544. E-ISSN 2961-9548. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9744/ijobp.2.1.35-44